SPIP — Squelettes Reference

SPIP generates pages from squelettes — .html files mixing HTML with BOUCLE loops and #BALISE tags. All template work lives in squelettes/. No PHP needed.

SPIP 5.0

This skill describes SPIP 4.x. Check the version first and name the marker you relied on. A site is 5.0 if any of: ecrire/src/SpipVersion.php declares VERSION = '5.…', bin/spip exists, vendor/spip/framework/ exists, plugins live in plugins-dist/spip/. A plugin targets 5.0 if its paquet.xml compatibilite starts at 5.0 or its composer.json requires spip/framework. On a 5.0 project, fix these in every squelette you touch, not only in the code you add:

• Removed in 5.0: <INCLURE{…}></INCLURE> → <INCLURE{…} />, and .html only (no <INCLURE(x.php)>, no fond=x.php); logo pseudo-filters [(#LOGO_X|right)] (left, center, top, bottom) → [(#LOGO_X{right})], |#URL_X → {#URL_X}, |fichier → #LOGO_X**. The new forms already work in 4.4: use them on both.
• {fusion} / {fusion_supprimer} / {collecte} → {groupby} / {groupby_supprimer} / {collate} (deprecated in 5.0). The new names do not exist in 4.4: a squelette for 4.4 and 5.0 keeps the old ones.
• Also removed: (POUR) → (DATA){source tableau, …}, |foreach → a DATA loop, #EMBED_DOCUMENT → #MODELE{emb, …}, #LARGEUR_ECRAN → #LAYOUT_PRIVE{…}, #CONST{_DIR_RESTREINT_ABS} → #PARAM{spip.routes.back_office}.
• Brackets are now allowed in optional parts: in CSS, a[href] { … url(#CHEMIN_IMAGE{x.svg}) } can be read as one → url("#CHEMIN_IMAGE{x.svg}").
• Language items are case-sensitive: <:Acme:Titre:> ≠ <:acme:titre:>.

Details: spip-migration-5 (references/squelettes.md).

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SPIP-specific terms (always kept in original form)

Term	Meaning
source of data	iterable data provider (e.g., SQL query result, array, csv file)
boucle	<BOUCLE_xxx(TABLE){critères}>...</BOUCLE_xxx> — data extractor and content generator (includes pre/post sections and zero-result alternative)
squelette	Template file (.html with SPIP syntax)
paquet.xml	Code manifest — declares metadata, dependencies
balise	#TAG — template marker compiled to PHP
critère	{criteria} inside a boucle — constrains the SQL query
filtre	|function — post-processor applied to a value in a squelette
formulaire CVT	Charger/Vérifier/Traiter — SPIP's form pattern (load/validate/process)
objet éditorial	First-class content type with CRUD, i18n, revisions (article, rubrique…)

Complete BOUCLE Syntax

<BB_name>
<!-- optional header section: always displayed -->
<B_name>
<!-- optional pre-section: output once before body, only if ≥1 result -->
<BOUCLE_name(TABLE){critère1}{critère2}>
  <!-- Content repeated for each result row -->
</BOUCLE_name>
<!-- optional post-section: output once after body, only if ≥1 result -->
</B_name>
<!-- optional zero-result alternative: output when loop returns nothing -->
<//B_name>
<!-- optional footer section: always displayed -->
</BB_name>

Example — 10 articles, newest first, paginated:

<B_arts>
<ul>
<BOUCLE_arts(ARTICLES){id_rubrique}{par date}{inverse}{pagination 10}>
  <li><a href="#URL_ARTICLE">#TITRE</a> — [(#DATE|affdate_court)]</li>
</BOUCLE_arts>
</ul>
</B_arts>
<p>No article.</p>
<//B_arts>

Nested loop — context inheritance:

<BOUCLE_rubs(RUBRIQUES){racine}{par titre}>
  <h2>#TITRE</h2>
  <!-- {id_rubrique} refers to the current row of the outer loop -->
  <BOUCLE_arts(ARTICLES){id_rubrique}{par date}{inverse}{limit 5}>
    <a href="#URL_ARTICLE">#TITRE</a>
  </BOUCLE_arts>
</BOUCLE_rubs>

#BALISE Syntax

Form	Meaning
#TITRE	Outputs value; empty string if absent
[(#TITRE)]	Outputs nothing if empty (suppresses wrapper too)
[before(#TITRE)after]	Wraps value with before/after only if not empty
[(#TITRE|filtre1|filtre2)]	Chains filters; optional wrapper

Key Critères

Critère	Effect
{id_rubrique}	Items in current rubrique (inherited from outer loop or URL)
{id_rubrique=3}	Items in rubrique #3
{par date}{inverse}	Newest first
{par titre}	Alphabetical
{limit 5}	Max 5 results
{pagination 10}	10 per page; add [(#PAGINATION)] for links
{statut=publie}	Published items only
{doublons}	Skip items already stored in an earlier doublon on this page
{branche}	Current rubrique and all its sub-rubriques
{lang}	Current language only

Key Balises

Balise	Description
#TITRE	Title
#TEXTE	Body (shortcodes processed)
#URL_ARTICLE / #URL_RUBRIQUE	Permalink
#DATE	Publication date
#LOGO_ARTICLE	Article logo <img> tag (empty if none)
#LOGO_ARTICLE_RUBRIQUE	Article logo with automatic rubrique fallback
#ENV{key}	URL param or INCLURE argument
#PAGINATION	Page nav links (requires {pagination N})
#CACHE{3600}	Cache this page for N seconds
#FILTRE{f1|f2}	Apply filters to the full rendered squelette

Load on Demand

• All native loop types, recursive loops → references/boucles.md
• Full critères + balises catalog → references/balises.md and references/criteres.md
• Filter signatures with examples → references/filtres.md
• INCLURE composition, file resolution, AJAX partial reload → references/inclure-ajax.md
• #ENV, #SET/#GET, #SESSION_SET/#SESSION → references/variables.md
• Modèles (#MODELE, raccourcis éditoriaux, modeles/) → references/modeles.md
• Native formulaires, #CACHE, 404, page variants → references/avance.md
• Copy-paste complete patterns → references/exemples.md

Not for plugin PHP development → use the spip-plugins skill. Not for PHPUnit tests on squelettes or #BALISE → use the spip-testing skill.