coap

Constrained Application Protocol (RFC 7252): RESTful UDP messaging, confirmable messages, observe pattern, and DTLS security

SKILL.md

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CoAP Protocol

Scope

CoAP is a specialized web transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained networks (6LoWPAN), mapping RESTful semantics onto UDP.

Protocol Architecture (RFC 7252)

  • Transport: UDP-based, small 4-byte fixed header overhead.
  • Message Types: Confirmable (CON, requires ACK), Non-confirmable (NON), Acknowledgment (ACK), Reset (RST).
  • RESTful Methods: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE mapping directly to HTTP via gateways.
  • Observe Option (RFC 7641): Publisher notifies registered clients on state change without polling.
  • Security: Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) providing encryption and authentication.

Tools & Standards

  • Standards: IETF RFC 7252 (CoAP), RFC 7641 (Observing Resources in CoAP).
  • Software: Californium (Java), libcoap, aiocoap (Python).

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