WooCommerce REST API Development

Before writing code

Fetch live docs:

1. Fetch https://woocommerce.github.io/woocommerce-rest-api-docs/ for API reference
2. Fetch https://developer.wordpress.org/rest-api/ for WordPress REST API handbook
3. Web-search site:developer.woocommerce.com rest api extending for extension patterns

REST API Architecture

Foundation

WooCommerce REST API v3 extends the WordPress REST API:

• Base: /wp-json/wc/v3/
• Built on WP_REST_Controller pattern
• Supports JSON request/response
• Versioned — v3 is current; v1/v2 are legacy

Built-In Endpoints

Resource	Endpoint	Methods
Products	/wc/v3/products	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Product Variations	/wc/v3/products/{id}/variations	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Orders	/wc/v3/orders	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Customers	/wc/v3/customers	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Coupons	/wc/v3/coupons	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Reports	/wc/v3/reports	GET
Settings	/wc/v3/settings	GET, PUT
Shipping Zones	/wc/v3/shipping/zones	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Tax Rates	/wc/v3/taxes	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Webhooks	/wc/v3/webhooks	GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
System Status	/wc/v3/system_status	GET

Authentication

API Keys

WooCommerce generates consumer key/secret pairs:

• Over HTTPS: Pass as query params consumer_key & consumer_secret, or HTTP Basic Auth
• Over HTTP: OAuth 1.0a signature required
• Keys have permissions: read, write, read_write
• Generate at WooCommerce > Settings > Advanced > REST API

Application Passwords (WordPress 5.6+)

WordPress-native auth — username + application password via HTTP Basic Auth. Works for all WP REST API endpoints including WooCommerce.

Cookie/Nonce Authentication

For internal (same-site) JavaScript:

• Use wp_create_nonce( 'wp_rest' ) — set as X-WP-Nonce header
• Automatically handled by wp.apiFetch in WordPress scripts

Custom Endpoints

Registering Routes

Use rest_api_init action to register routes:

• register_rest_route( 'my-extension/v1', '/items', $args )
• Define methods, callback, permission_callback, args (with validate_callback and sanitize_callback)

Controller Pattern

Extend WP_REST_Controller for structured endpoints:

• register_routes() — define route patterns
• get_items() — handle collection GET
• get_item() — handle single GET
• create_item() — handle POST
• update_item() — handle PUT/PATCH
• delete_item() — handle DELETE
• get_item_schema() — JSON Schema for the resource
• get_item_permissions_check() — authorization

Extending WooCommerce Endpoints

Add fields to existing WooCommerce resources:

• register_rest_field( 'product', 'my_field', $args ) — add fields to product responses
• $args includes get_callback, update_callback, schema

Filtering Responses

• woocommerce_rest_prepare_{post_type} — filter response before sending (e.g., woocommerce_rest_prepare_product_object)
• woocommerce_rest_pre_insert_{post_type} — filter object before saving
• woocommerce_rest_{post_type}_query — filter query args

Webhooks

Built-In Webhooks

WooCommerce webhooks fire on resource events:

• Topics: order.created, order.updated, product.created, customer.created, etc.
• Configured in WooCommerce > Settings > Advanced > Webhooks
• Delivered via HTTP POST with JSON payload and signature header

Custom Webhook Topics

Filter woocommerce_valid_webhook_events and woocommerce_webhook_topic_hooks to add custom topics.

Batch Operations

POST to /wc/v3/products/batch with create, update, delete arrays to perform bulk operations in a single request.

Best Practices

• Always use permission_callback — never leave it empty or return true for non-public endpoints
• Validate and sanitize all input parameters
• Return proper HTTP status codes (200, 201, 400, 401, 403, 404)
• Use JSON Schema for endpoint argument validation
• Use WP_REST_Response for responses with proper status codes
• Paginate list endpoints with per_page, page, offset
• Include _links for HATEOAS-style discoverability
• Use webhooks for real-time integrations instead of polling

Fetch the WooCommerce REST API docs and WordPress REST API handbook for exact endpoint paths, parameters, and authentication details before implementing.